Smart Energy Meter with Embedded IoT Technology

Abstract

Energy management is crucial in today’s world, where efficient usage and monitoring of electricity can lead to significant cost savings and environmental benefits. The “Smart Energy Meter with Embedded IoT Technology” project aims to develop an intelligent energy metering system that leverages IoT to provide real-time monitoring, analysis, and control of energy consumption. This system enables users to track their energy usage, receive timely alerts on excessive consumption, and manage their energy resources more effectively, contributing to energy conservation and cost reduction.

Proposed System

The proposed system is an IoT-enabled smart energy meter that integrates embedded systems for real-time data acquisition and processing. The system monitors electricity consumption, voltage, current, and power factor, transmitting this data to a cloud-based platform for analysis. Users can access the data through a web or mobile dashboard, enabling them to track their energy usage, set consumption limits, and receive alerts on abnormal usage patterns. The system also supports remote disconnection and reconnection of the power supply, providing additional control over energy management.

Existing System

Conventional energy meters provide basic consumption data and require manual reading for billing and monitoring purposes. These meters do not offer real-time data, making it difficult for users to track their energy usage and identify inefficiencies. Additionally, traditional meters lack the capability to integrate with modern IoT frameworks, limiting their ability to provide actionable insights or remote control. This often results in delayed responses to excessive energy consumption, leading to higher energy costs and inefficient resource utilization.

Methodology

1. Requirement Analysis: Identify the key parameters to monitor, such as electricity consumption, voltage, current, and power factor. Determine sensor and microcontroller requirements.
2. System Design: Develop the architecture for the smart energy meter, including sensor integration, data processing units, and communication protocols.
3. Implementation: Integrate sensors with microcontrollers to collect real-time data, develop firmware for local processing, and establish communication with the cloud server.
4. Cloud Integration: Set up a cloud-based platform for data storage, real-time analysis, and remote control functionalities, ensuring scalability and security.
5. Dashboard Development: Create a user-friendly interface for monitoring energy usage, setting consumption limits, and managing alerts through web or mobile applications.
6. Testing and Validation: Perform extensive testing in different environments to ensure system accuracy, reliability, and user-friendliness.
7. Deployment: Deploy the smart energy meter in residential, commercial, or industrial settings, providing installation support, user training, and ongoing system maintenance.

Technologies Used

• Embedded Systems: Microcontrollers (e.g., ESP32, Arduino) for integrating sensors, real-time data acquisition, and local processing.
• IoT Sensors: Current sensors, voltage sensors, and power factor measurement devices to monitor energy parameters.
• Communication Protocols: MQTT, Wi-Fi, and GSM for transmitting data between the smart meter and the cloud server.
• Cloud Computing: Platforms like AWS IoT, Azure IoT, or Google Cloud IoT for data processing, storage, and remote control functionalities.
• Data Visualization: Tools like Grafana, Power BI, or custom web applications for real-time monitoring, analysis, and management of energy usage.
• Security: Implementation of encryption, secure communication protocols, and authentication mechanisms to ensure data integrity and privacy.